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Glossary
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The 1988 CER
Protocol on Trade in Services achieved
free trade in nearly all services from 1 January
1989, which has boosted trans-Tasman investment
flows. New Zealand is currently the sixth
largest source of overall foreign investment
in Australia, and Australia is the largest
investor in New Zealand . In recent years,
there has been significant new commercial investment
from New Zealand in Australia’s
dairy sector, and from Australia in New Zealand’s
transport and banking sectors. Officials are
currently engaged in discussions to add an
Investment Protocol to CER to further facilitate
trans-Tasman capital flows.
Under the Services Protocol, New Zealand
and Australia service providers can provide services
in each other’s markets without any restrictions
on all services except those inscribed in annexes
to the agreement on the basis of a “negative
listing” approach. These inscriptions have
been substantially reduced since 1989 and currently
include only a few items.
Under the Civil Aviation Act 1990, the Airways
Corporation of New Zealand is the sole provider
of area control services and flight information
services. The Civil Aviation Amendment Act 1992
repealed these provisions, but with effect from
a date (or dates) to be specified by Order(s)
in Council, which may be made only following
consultation with the Civil Aviation Authority
and if the Minister is satisfied that an appropriate
regulatory regime is in place in respect of the
services concerned.
Coastal shipping
The Maritime Transport Act 1994 allows cargo
or passengers (coastal cargo) to be picked up
from one port in New Zealand and carried
to another by three categories of ship. These
are:
New Zealand ships;
Ships coming to New Zealand to load cargo
for unloading overseas or to unload cargo that
was loaded overseas;
Ships which the Minister of Transport authorises
to trade on the coast when there are no ships
from either of the above two categories available
to carry coastal cargo. Authorisation to carry
coastal cargo must be obtained from the Minister
of Transport well in advance of the intended
carriage.
Authorisation to carry coastal cargo is subject
to compliance with other relevant provisions
of the Maritime Transport Act and with other
law, including the Resource Management Act, the
Immigration Act, and border control legislation.
Limits on foreign ownership as set out in
the Broadcasting Services Act 1992.
Broadcasting and Television (Short wave and Satellite
broadcasting)
Third party insurance
Compulsory third party motor vehicle insurance
Postal services
The Australian Postal Corporation (Australia
Post) has, under Section 29 of the Australian
Postal Corporation Act 1989, the exclusive right
to carry letters for reward within Australia,
whether the letter originated within or outside
Australia. Section 30 of the Act sets out a number
of exceptions to the reserved service, including:
The carriage of letters weighing more than
250 grams;
The carriage of letters where the charge or
fee is at least four times the standard letter
rate;
The movement of documents within document
exchange services;
The carriage of letters between offices of
the same organisation by a third party.
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